成都市儿童青少年肉类、奶类及锌的摄入状况与青春期发育的关系

Consumptions of Meat and Dairy Products,Zinc Intake and Pubertal Development in Adolescents in Chengdu

目的了解成都市9～15岁儿童青少年肉类、奶类、锌的摄入状况及青春期发育现状，并分析食物营养素摄人与青春期发育的关系。方法采用分层整群抽样法选取成都市1328例9～15岁儿童青少年作为研究对象，采用食物频率法和24h膳食回顾法分别收集调查对象肉类、奶类以及锌的摄人状况，利用现场观测和问卷调查方法分别收集青春期发育状况及相关的基础信息。根据Tanner青春期发育标准将男女生分别进行分组，比较不同组间肉类、奶类、锌的摄人状况。结果被调查男生初遗中位年龄为13．00岁，已初遗组总肉类、红肉平均每日摄人量均高于未初遗组（P〈0．05），奶类平均每日摄入量低于未初遗组（P〈0．05）；男生总肉类平均每日摄人量为青春期发育晚期组最高，发育早期组次之，未发育组最低（P〈0．05）。女生初潮中位年龄为12．11岁，已初潮组总肉类平均每日摄入量高于未初潮组（P〈0．05），奶类平均每日摄人量低于未初潮组（P〈0．05）；女生奶类平均每日摄入量青春期为未发育组最高、发育早期组次之、发育晚期组最低（P〈0．05）。结论成都市儿童青少年肉类、奶类的摄人状况可能与青春期发育相关，性别差异有待进一步研究。

Objective To determine the associations between meat, dairy and zinc intake and pubertal development in adolescents in Chengdu. Methods A total of 1320 children and adolescents aged 9-15 years in Chengdu were recruited using a stratified cluster sampling strategy. Dietary intake was assessed by the food frequency questionnaire （FFQ） and 3-day 24-hour dietary recall. Pubertal development was evaluated through physical examinations. Consumptions of meat and dairy, and zinc intake were compared between groups with different levels of pubertal development according to the Tanner criteria. Results The median age of spermarche was 13.00 years. The boys who had had spermarche consumed more meat （including red meat） and dairy products than those who had not yet （P〈0. 05）. Daily consumption of total meat was positively correlated with the level of pubertal development （P〈0. 05）. The median age of menarche was 12.11 years. The girls who had had menarehe consumed more meat and less diiry products than those who had not yet （P〈0.05）. Daily consumption of dairy products was negatively associated with breast development and the level of pubertal development （P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Consumptions of meat, red meat and dairy products are associated with pubertal development in adolescents in Chengdu. However, the differences between boys and girls warrant further studies.