改进PSO的金属橡胶卡箍隔振仿真分析与参数优化

Simulation analysis and parameter optimization of vibration isolation of metal rubber clamps based on the modified PSO

因金属橡胶干摩擦特性具有高能量耗散能力,将金属橡胶材料置入液压管道卡箍中作为隔振材料。建立了考虑三次非线性刚度以及干摩擦记忆恢复力的振动方程,并得到其隔振传递率模型。分析了非线性刚度、记忆恢复力对隔振传递率的影响,并与试验结果做了对比,发现两者基本一致。通过分析某型号飞机的飞行剖面,得到不同工况下的转速比例以及相对应的隔振传递率的加权和;针对传统粒子群的弊端,改进了学习因子的变化规律并引入模拟退火算法判断最优点更新,通过仿真验证了其具有较快收敛速度并避免陷入局部最优,同时得到了金属橡胶卡箍最优参数以及最小隔振传递率。

Metal rubber has a significant energy dissipation property due to its dry friction characteristic. In this paper,the test system and the metal rubber was placed in the clamp of hydraulic pipe as the vibration isolation material. The vibration equations of pipe and clamp considering the cubic nonlinear rigidity and memory restoring force of dry friction were established. The model of vibration isolation ratio of the metal rubber clamp was also obtained.The influence of cubic nonlinear stiffness and memory restoring force on the ratio was analyzed and then compared with the experiment. The results were consistent. The speed ratio under different working conditions and the weighted sum of vibration isolation with different characteristic frequencies were obtained based on the flight profile of a certain type of large aircraft and the weighted sum was set as the objective function. Considering the disadvantages of the traditional particle swarm optimization（ PSO）,the change rule of learning factor was changed and the simulated annealing algorithm was introduced to judge the updating of optimal point. The simulation validated that the improved algorithm has faster convergence rate and avoids trapping into local optimum. However,the minimum vibration isolation transferring rate and the optimal parameters of the metal rubber clamp were received.