城市生态游憩空间服务功能评价与优化对策

EVALUATION AND OPTIMIZATION COUNTERMEASURES FOR SERVICE FUNCTIONS OF URBAN ECOLOGICAL RECREATION SPACE

以城市公园和绿地为主的城市生态游憩空间作为城市的生态基础设施,其空间的格局与功能的水平是体现城市宜居性的重要因素。本研究以上海为对象,在综合城市总体数量特征指标的同时,将考虑城市居民对城市生态空间的游憩需求和空间格局的特征,以体现可达性、人均占有量、功能完整性、城市空间和游憩满意度等为目标,选择更能反映城市生态游憩空间服务功能水平的综合指标构建评价体系,并进行评价;结果发现目前上海综合评分处于较低的状态,其主要原因不是其绝对的空间数量值低,而是空间格局不合理而造成的功能受损。据此,从定位、目标的角度提出优化服务功能的对策。

As the urban ecological infrastructures, the urban ecological recreation space, mainly composed of city parks and green land, is an important factor influencing the livability of a city via its spatial layout and functional level. With Shanghai as an example, the paper, based on the comprehensive urban characteristics indexes, evaluates service functional level of urban ecological recreation space using a comprehensive index system, with the reflection of accessibility, per capita occupation, functional completeness, and satisfaction degree to urban space and recreation as the goal, after considering people＇s demands and the characteristics of spatial pattern. The evaluation result shows that the general score of Shanghai is at the relatively low level. And the primary reason is not the low absolute value, but the impaired function due to irrational spatial pattern. Accordingly, the paper proposes optimization countermeasures from the perspectives of orientation, goal and key points.