美英土地利用分类理论与实践的演进

EVOLUTION OF LAND USE CLASSIFICATION THEORY AND PRACTICE IN USA AND UK

从历史的角度梳理美英两国土地利用分类研究的理论与实践,揭示土地利用分类标准的演进趋向,指出对土地利用分类的研究应超越经验层面,借鉴规划语言学的方法构建一个多维土地利用分类理论框架。适应现实的土地利用分类标准应创设可扩充的平行维度的分类体系,或为规划实践留有创设土地利用新类型的弹性空间。而在应对当前城市化快速发展中所出现的城乡空间失衡、城市特色丧失等一系列问题时,基于横断面分区的形态准则提供了具有前瞻性的规划工具。

From a historical perspective, this paper studies the land use classification theory and practice in the USA and the UK, reveals the evolution trend of land use classification standards, and points out that the study on land use classification should go beyond experience to establish a multi-dimensional land use classification framework by using planning linguistic measures for reference. The land use classification standard that is adapted to the reality should establish an open- ended classification system at the parallel dimension, or should leave a flexible space for planning practice to create new land use types. In face of such problems as urban-rural spatial imbalance and loss of urban identity that have emerged amid the rapid urbanization process, the form-based code based on transect zones can provide a prospective planning tool.