行政区划调整对城市地域结构演变的影响——以江苏省淮安市为例

The Impacts of Administrative District Adjustment on the Evolution of Urban Spatial Structure: A Case of Huai'an in Jiangsu Province

分析了淮安市行政区划调整及其对城市地域结构演变的影响过程,将行政区划调整对城市地域结构演变的影响划分为两种类型。一是引导性调整,即通过行政区划调整引导城市的发展方向,影响着城市的地域结构特征。1964年淮阴县与清江市的县市分治,1971年淮阴县政府驻地北迁王营镇,牵引了淮安主城市区近30年的南北向发展。2001年的"三淮一体"行政区划调整,又引导着主城区东南向扩张与楚州城区的北向发展,并在两个城区之间形成新产业空间与生态新城,强烈地影响着城市的地域结构。二是适应性调整,即在城市发展到一定阶段以后,通过行政区划调整的手段,能够破解城市化进程中的一些结构性、体制性矛盾。2001年的"三淮一体"行政区划调整,将原淮阴县城并入主城区,不仅解决了"市县同城"问题,为城市空间扩张提供了新的增长空间,也适应了市区与县城连为一体的现实。行政区划调整对城市地域结构演变影响的作用机理主要为三个方面,即通过改变城市辖区范围,进而改变城市经济规模与发展能力影响城市地域结构,通过城市规划工具影响城市地域结构的演变,通过城镇原来的空间格局影响城市地域结构的演变。

This paper takes Huai＇an as a case and analyzes the process of administrative district adjustment and its impacts on the evolution of urban spatial structure, and comes to conclusions that the influences of administrative division adjustment on the evolution of urban spatial structure can be divided into two types, the one is leading adjustment,-it means that administrative division adjustment can guide urban development direction, and affect the urban regional structure characteristics, the administrative district divided into Huaiyin County and Qingjiang City in 1964, and Huaiyin County resident moved to Wangying Town in 1971, it guided Huai＇an City north and south development for nearly 30 years. In 2001, the ＂three huai＂ administrative division adjustment, also guided main city to expand to southeast, and guided Chuzhou City to develop to northwest, after 10 years development, a new industrial space and eco- town have been formed between the two urban areas, and it strongly influenced the urban geographical s（-ructure. Another is adaptability adjustment, after the city developed to a certain stage, some structural and institutional contradictions in urbanization process can be solved by the administrative district adjustment, with the Huaiyin County merged into the main city in 2001 after the ＂three huai＂ administrative division adjustment, not only the problem of ＂city and county in the same city ＂ can be solved, but also the new growth space for the expansion of urban space can be provided, such administrative divisions adjustment can adapt to the reality of the integrated development of city and county. The mechanisms of administrative adjustment impacted on the evolution of the urban geographical structure can be attributed to the following aspects. The first, administrative district adjustment may change the urban jurisdiction, and then change the city economy scale and city development ability, which affect the urban geographical structure. The second, administrative district adjustment may led to the rapid change of urban form, urban population scale, and urban land use scale, and there will be more space fore urban expansion, the city government will arrange the urban development by the revision of the overall urban planning, and it will influence the evolution of the urban geographical structure. The third, after the adjustment of administrative divisions, spatial distribution of the town, which is merged together, can affect the direction of the urban development, and can guide the urban future development.