接地网放热焊接的新型焊粉研制及接头性能研究

Development of new exothermic welding solder for grounding network and properties of welded joints

接地网采用电阻焊、钎焊等方法进行焊接时,由于受人为因素以及焊接本身对焊接母材的破坏无法使接地系统保持高效而又长期稳定的运行。对接地网常用材料镀锌钢采用放热焊接,研究了放热焊粉粒径对焊接燃烧剧烈程度、安全性等的影响,并采用正交试验研究焊粉材料成分对气孔、夹杂等的影响,优化出最优焊粉配方,并与国外同类产品进行外观形貌、断面形貌、抗拉强度、直流电阻、熔点性能和价格对比。结果表明:当焊粉粒径为120μm,焊粉引燃正常,焊接喷溅小;自研焊粉最优配方(质量分数)为50%Cu0,18%Al,25%Cu,7%造渣剂,用最优配方焊粉进行焊接,其焊接接头的性能与国外同类产品性能相当,且销售价格更低。

The grounding system could not keep efficient and long-term stability because the base metal was destroyed fay human factors and in resistance welding and brazing process.In this paper,the galvanized steel commonly used in grounding was welded by exothermic welding.The effect of the particle diameters of welding material on the reaction speed and aecurity was studied.The effects of welding material component on the gas hole and inclusion were researched by the orthogonal method.The appearance quality,section quality,tensile strength,DC resistance,melting point and cost of the exothermic welding solder were optimized and compared with the similar foreign exothermic products.The results indicated that when the particle diameters of welding material are 120μm,the welding solder ignition is normal and welding spatter is less.The optimal welding solder compositions developed by authors are as follows:CuO 50 wt.%,Al 18 wt.%,Cu 25 wt.%and slag former 7 wt.%.With it,the properties of welded joints are equivalent to that with foreign products.Meanwhile,its sale price is much lower.