《尼各马可伦理学》中“幸福”概念的三个特征及其指向

A Research on Aristotle's Ethics: Happiness and Its Best Way of Life

幸福是伦理学的一个重要范畴,被亚里士多德视为人的终极追求。亚里士多德的幸福观贯穿于他的伦理学说和政治学说之中,要了解亚里士多德对幸福的理解,就必须将《尼各马可伦理学》和《政治学》视为一个整体来加以研究。亚里士多德认为伦理学的幸福概念具有终极性、自足性、实践性三个特征,依据幸福的这三个特征,他考察了人类的三种主要的生活方式,并最终将沉思生活视为最幸福的生活方式。要明白亚里士多德何以单独将静观沉思视为人的终极目的和幸福,就需要从幸福的三个特征中,去领会亚里士多德眼中的幸福及其指向。

Happiness is an important category of ethics. Aristotle regarded it as the ultimate pursuit of life. Aristotle＇s view of happi- ness throughout his ethics and political theory, In order to understand Aristotle＇s view of happiness, we must to take The Nicomachean？ Ethics and The Politics of Aristotle as a whole to study. Aristotle＇s view of happiness include ultimate ,self-sufficiency and practical and three characteristics .Based on the three characteristics of happiness , He looked at the three main way of life of human beings , And fi- nally points out that contemplative life as a way of the happiest life . In order to understand Aristotle＇s view of happiness that contempla- tive life as a way of happiness life and the ultimate purpose of person. We need to be on the basis of three characteristics of happiness to review these three life mode, then to understand Aristotle＇s attitude towards life.