低油价下我国石油企业发展策略探讨

Development Strategy of China's Petroleum Enterprises under Background of Low Oil Price

从2014年下半年开始，国际油价由100多美元/bbl迅速跌近40美元/bbl，后经过缓慢回升，现徘徊在50-60美元/bbl。分析认为，如果欧佩克始终不采取减产措施应对油价的下跌，低油价期将会持续2-3年或者更长。在低油价下，多数油企生产经营受到了较大冲击，一些油企不得不减产、减少投资甚至以低价转让油气资产来维持企业的生存。这些情况为国内石油企业以较低成本并购优质油气资产带来了难得的机遇。我国石油企业应该加大国际可能交易资产的评估与优选研究，抓住有利时机开展国际油气合作，获得优质油气资产；同时，应优化企业资产，集中精力发展优势产业；积极推进企业体制机制和技术创新，实现降本增效；拓展新领域，增强石油企业抗风险的能力；推进油气市场化进程，盘活资产。

Starting from the latter half of 2014, international oil price dropped swiftly to around US$40 per barrel from more than US$100 and then grew slowly. The oil price is fluctuating between US$ 50 per barrel and US$60 at the present time. According to analysts, the low oil price period will last in the next two or three years or even longer if OPEC refuses to cut oil production in response to oil price decline. Low oil price affected production business of many oil enterprises, some of which had to cut their production and investment and even transferred oil and gas assets at a low price to maintain their business operation. In such situation, Chinese oil enterprises have the opportunities for acquisition of high-quality oil and gas assets at low cost. They should strengthen the efforts to appraise international assets available for transactions and take the favorable opportunities for foreign oil and gas cooperation for acquisition of high-quality oil and gas assets. Meanwhile, the Chinese oil enterprises should optimize their assets, focus on their advantageous industries, promote restructuring and technological creation, lower the cost for higher performance, open up the new fields, enhance the capacity against risks and push ahead with oil and gas market process.