基于遥感与GIS的浙江省洪涝灾害综合风险评估研究

Integrated risk assessment of flood disaster in Zhejiang Province based on RS and GIS

洪涝灾害是全球发生频繁、危害严重的气象灾害之一,洪涝灾害风险评估对防灾减灾具有十分重要的意义。基于历史长时间序列的遥感数据、格网化的地理背景数据、空间化的社会经济数据等,利用GIS空间分析与功能,从洪涝灾害的危险性、暴露性、脆弱性及防灾减灾能力等4方面,构建了洪涝灾害风险评估模型,对浙江省洪涝灾害进行了风险评估。结果表明:其较高风险区主要有浙南温黄平原、浙东宁绍平原、浙北杭嘉湖平原及浙西金衢盆地,中等风险区主要分布于浙南温黄平原西侧、浙东宁绍平原和浙北杭嘉湖平原陆侧及浙西部分地区,其他地区则均为较低和低风险区域。而从行政区域分布来看,浙江省洪涝灾害较高风险以上区域主要为温州市域大部分地区、台州市南部地区、嘉兴市、湖州市区、衢州市区、兰溪市、龙游县和开化县;中等洪涝灾害风险区为:德清县、余姚市、上虞市、宁海县、三门县、淳安县、常山县、金华市区、江山市、龙泉市、青田县和玉环县;其余县(市)具有较低以下的洪涝灾害风险。

Flood disaster is one of the most frequent and most serious meteorological disasters. Flood risk assessment is very important for disaster prevention and mitigation. Taking Zhejiang province as the study area, using long time series of remote sensing data, Grid handling geographical background data and spatialized social and economic data et al, from four angels of the hazard, exposure, vulnerability and disaster prevention and reduction capacity, we established risk assessment model of flood disaster and carried out risk assessment of flood disaster in Zhejiang Province. The results show that the higher integrated risk areas are Wen-Huang plan in south Zhejiang, Ning-Shao plan in east Zhejiang, Hang-Jia-Hu plan in north Zhejiang and Jin-Qu basin in west Zhejiang. Moderate risk areas are west of Wen-Huang plan in south Zhejiang, landside of Ning-Shao plan and Hang-Jia-Hu plan, part area of west Zhejiang. other places all are lower or low risk areas. integrated risk areas are most of Wenzhou City, south City, downtown of Quzhou City, Lanxi City, Longyou In respect to administrative regional distribution, the higher region of Taizhou City, Jiaxing City, downtown of Huzhou County, Kaihua County. Moderate risk areas are Deqing County, Yuyao City, Shangyu City, Ninghai County, Sanmen County, Chunan County, Changshan City, downtown of Jinghua City, Jiangshan City, Longquan City, Qingtian County, and Yuhuang County. Others are lower integrated risk areas.