诱导改造对大兴安岭低质山杨林土壤肥力的影响

Effect of Induced Reformations on Soil Fertility of Populus davidiana Low-quality Forest in Daxing'an Mountains

通过对大兴安岭低质山杨林带状改造,并分别种植云杉、樟子松、西伯利亚红松、落叶松,分析土壤肥力指标的变化,利用灰色关联分析法对其进行综合评价。结果表明:与对照样地相比,诱导改造后土壤毛管持水量和毛管孔隙度有不同程度的升高,土壤密度有不同程度的降低。土壤中p H值略有上升;土壤中全氮质量分数均升高(落叶松林升高94.09%,西伯利亚红松林升高67.24%,云杉林升高50.74%,樟子松林升高41.87%);土壤中全磷质量分数均降低(云杉林降低20.90%,落叶松林降低19.10%,樟子松林降低14.63%,西伯利亚红松林降低10.15%)。土壤中有机质质量分数、全氮质量分数、碳通量具有显著性正相关(P<0.05)。樟子松林诱导改造后,土壤密度、毛管持水量、毛管孔隙度、p H值、全钾质量分数、碳通量的变异系数最大,说明带状诱导改造对樟子松林土壤肥力的影响显著。应用灰色关联度法分析诱导改造后的林地土壤肥力的各个指标,结果表明:诱导改造后,所有林地土壤肥力均有改善作用。樟子松林诱导改造后关联度最高(0.828),说明樟子松林诱导改造效果最佳。

We studied the changes of the soil fertility in Populus davidiana low-quality forest by bandwidth reformation with Picea asperata Mast,Pinus sylvestris,Pinus sibirica,Larix dahurica in the Daxing＇an Mountains. The soil capillary water holding capacity,capillary porosity rose inordinately with different transformation measures,but the soil bulk density reduced inordinately. The pH of soil was increased slightly. During transforming the Populus davidiana low-quality forest,compared with the control land,the soil total N was increased,and the increase level were Larix dahurica by 94.09%,Pinus sibirica by 67.24%,Picea asperata by 50.74% and Pinus sylvestris by 41.87%,respectively. Compared with the contrast land,the soil total P reduced,the reduced level were Picea asperata by 20.90%,Larix dahurica by 19.10%,Pinus sylvestris by 14.63%,and Pinus sibirica by 10.15%,respectively. Soil organic matter content was significantly positive correlation with total N,carbon flux（ P〈0.05）. The Pinus sylvestris variation was the maximum with different bandwidth soil bulk density,the soil capillary water holding capacity,the capillary porosity,the pH,the total K and the C flux induction species,that is,different bandwidth affects significantly on the soil fertility of the Pinus sylvestris induction. By comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility in different induced reformation using grey correlation,all transformation methods showed positive effects on the soil fertility. The highest induced reformation of the Populus davidiana low-quality forest was on Pinus sylvestris（ 0.828）,and Pinus sylvestris had the best effect in induced transformation of soil fertility.