论唐代致仕制度之演变

Discussion on Transformation of the Retirement System in the Tang Dynasty

唐代致仕制度承袭前代"七十致仕"的传统,又有所发展并趋于成熟。唐前期对致仕官员提供"半俸"以保障其生活,并予以一定程度的礼遇。后期在给予待遇和地位的同时,更加注意礼仪上的尊崇;而政治斗争激烈、社会矛盾激化,也使致仕制度的正常运行受到影响。唐代致仕制度具有灵活性和等级性的特点,体现尊老敬老的风尚,并对宋代致仕制度产生了一定影响。

The retirement system in the Tang dynasty not only followed the convention that the official should be retired at seventy years old,but also had development and entered its mature stage. On the one hand,the Tang court provided retired officials with half salary to protect their basic living and bestowed a certain degree of courteous during the pre- Tang Dynasty. On the other hand,in the late Tang Dynasty,besides giving treatment and status,the Tang court paid more attention to respect retired officials in the aspect of etiquette. However,the heated political struggle and intensification of social conflicts had adversely affected normal operation of the retirement system in the Tang Dynasty. The retirement system in the Tang Dynasty had the characteristics of flexibility and hierarchy,reflecting the Chinese tradition of respecting and honoring the aged. It also had an impact on the retirement system in the Song Dynasty.