基于DEM的粤北地区土地利用景观格局尺度效应研究

Research on Scale Effects of Land Use Landscape Pattern in Northern Guangdong Based on DEM

利用土地利用空间数据和高程数据（DEM），应用空间分析方法和景观格局分析方法，对粤北地区不同高程下的土地利用景观格局及景观指数在30-500m尺度下的变化作了分析。结果表明：在高程500m以下的区域各景观类型分布均较丰富，200m以下的区域为居民点分布的主要区域；除蔓延度指数外，其他景观指数均随高程的增加而降低；在景观水平及不同高程上表现出尺度效应的景观指数有斑块密度、斑块形状指数、平均分维度指数和蔓延度指数；在土地利用类型水平上表现出尺度效应的景观指数有斑块密度、面积加权形状指数、平均分维度指数、聚集度指数和凝聚度指数。

Based on the land use spatial data and elevation data （DEM）, by using the methods of spatial analysis and land- scape pattern analysis, we analyzed the landscape patterns of land use at different elevations, as well as the changes in landscape in- dexes in 30-500-m elevation scale in the northern area of Guangdong province. The results showed that various landscape types were more abundantly distributed in the region with the elevation of below 500 m, and the residential region was mainly distributed in the region below 200 m. Except for contagion index, the other landscape indexes all decreased with the increase in the elevation. The landscape indexes which revealed a scale effect at landscape level or at different elevations included patch density, patch shape index, average fractal dimension index, and contagion index. The landscape indexes which displayed a scale effect at land use type level included patch density, area-weighted shape index, average fractal dimension index, aggregation index, and cohesion index.