藏族格言诗《萨迦格言》中的智者和愚人

The Images of Sages and Fools in the Tibetan Gnomic Verses Sakya Gnomic Verses

兴于13世纪的藏族经典文学体裁格言诗以其丰富独特的比喻和深刻智慧的哲理在古今中外都颇负盛名。其中,《萨迦格言》是格言诗奠基之作,亦是格言诗不朽的丰碑。作者萨班·贡嘎坚赞从不同角度用大量笔墨塑造了智者和愚人的形象以形成鲜明对比,从而指导人们分辨智者和愚人的方法,教导人们近于智者,见贤思齐。论文选取次旦多吉汉译的《萨迦格言》,对比分析了智者和愚人的形象和差异,探究了人生智慧,对于培养个人的高尚道德和优秀品质具有重要意义。

Gnomic verse,a kind of literature of Tibetan classics,became popular in the thirteenth century. It is widely famous at all times and in all countries for its rich and unique allegories and its profound and enlightened philosophy. Among which,Sakya Gnomic Verses not only lays a foundation for the gnomic verses but also a monumental work. The author Sapan Kunga Gyaltsen used a large amount of words to create the comparative images of sages and fools from different aspects so as to guide people to distinguish the wise and the fools,and teach people to emulate those better than themselves. This paper comparatively studies the images and differences of sages and fools by taking the Chinese translation of Sakya Gnomic Verses written by Cidan Duoji as an example and researches into the wisdom of life,which has a great influence on cultivating personal noble moralities and excellent qualities.