中国五保失能老人长期照护服务的困境与解困

The long-term care difficulties and solution ways about disability elderly five guarantees

失去生活自理能力的五保老人是社会最弱势的群体。随着五保供养制度的不断完善,其基本生活得到了保障。但是,由于五保供养制度多年来锁定在吃、穿、住、医、葬五个方面,理念上难以突破,制度上缺乏创新,致使针对五保失能老人的照护服务严重缺失,现有社会救助制度不能回应他们关于照护的特殊诉求,其生存状况令人堪忧。破解长期照护服务的困境,应从完善五保供养制度的法律法规、拓宽供养范围等角度出发,建立多层次筹资机制,确保他们获得长期照护服务以提高生活质量。

The five guarantees of the elderly who lost life self-care ability are the social vulnerable groups. With the constant improvement of system, their basic needs of life have been effectively guaranteed. However, due to institutional locked in clothing, housing, health and burial, difficult to break theory, lack of innovation in the system, lead to lack of care services for the five guarantees of the elderly who lost life self-care ability. The current social assistance system can not meet their care needs, so their living conditions make people worried. In order to solve their long-term care problem, we should improve laws and regulations, broaden the range of support, estab- lish a variety of financing mechanisms, improve the existing system, ensure that they can receive long-term care services and improve their quality of life.