20种速生杨在乌兰布和沙区绿洲的适应性评价

Evaluation of Growth Adaptability of 20 Poplar Species in Oasis Region of Ulan Buh Sandy Land

[目的]为满足乌兰布和沙漠绿洲防护林体系构建对优良造林树种选择的要求,对多个品种速生杨在乌兰布和沙区绿洲的适应性进行评价。[方法]以北抗、08、中林等系列的20个引进速生杨品种为研究对象,当前主要造林树种新疆杨为参照,运用系统聚类分析和多因素模糊综合评判方法对20种速生杨在乌兰布和沙漠绿洲地区生长初期适应性进行综合评价。[结果]08-01,创新、中林2005,北抗16-22,08-02,08-03,中林315,08-07,天黑、京2等10个品种在速生性、成活状况、抗病虫害能力方面均明显优于新疆杨;京6,北抗16-27,Simplot,08-09,08-08,08-14等6个品种各项评价指标与新疆杨接近;辽宁杨(鲁×山)、北抗16-8,08-04,DN-34等4个树种综合评价适应性低于新疆杨。[结论]08-01等10个品种能够在乌兰布和沙漠绿洲地区良好生长,可以作为该区造林和植物资源收集储备的备选树种。京6等6个品种综合评价适应性中等,辽宁杨(鲁×山)等4个品种适应性较差,无法在该区正常生长。

[Objective] In order to select excellent afforestation species for forest system oasis region of Ulan Buh sandy land, initial growth adaptability of poplar varieties in the oasis region of Ulan Buh sandy land was evaluated. [Methods] About 20 poplar varieties including Beikang, 08 and Zhonglin series were introduced as research objects and the Xinjiang Populous that is the current main afforestation species were taken as a reference. The initial growth adaptability of these poplar species in the oasis region of Ulan Buh sandy land were comprehensively evaluated with systematic cluster analysis and multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. [Results] The growth rate, survival status and pest resistibility of varieties 08-01, innovation, Zhonglin 2005, Beikang 16-22, Beikang 08-02, Beikang 08-03, Zhonglin 315, 08-07, Dark, Jing 2 were better than that of Xinjiang Populous. All evaluation index of Jing 6, Beikang 16-27, Simplot 08-09, 08-08, 08-14 were similar to the indices of Xinjiang Populous. Comparing to Xinjiang Populous, varieties of Liaoning poplar, Beikang 16-8, 08-04, DN-34 were assessed with weaker integrated growth adaptability. [Conclusion] Among the 20 varieties, ten varieties（08-01, etc. ） are able to growth vigorously in the Ulan Buh sandy land and can serve as an alternative species for afforestation and plant resources reserves in this area, six varieties（Jing 6, etc. ） were assessed at medium adaptability, other four varieties（Liaoning poplar, etc. ） belong to poor adaptability group that are unable to grow normally in the Ulan Buh sandy land.