幼儿家庭养育环境的城乡比较

Comparison of home environment between the urban and rural preschool children

目的对城市和农村幼儿家庭养育环境进行比较,为改善农村家庭养育环境提供依据。方法选取61个城市和农村幼儿家庭作为研究对象,采取幼儿版《家庭环境观察评定量表》作为研究工具,对幼儿家庭进行入户访谈和观察。结果农村幼儿与城市幼儿家庭存在显著差距,农村幼儿家庭在物质环境(t=-8.17,P<0.01)、认知养育环境(t=-2.33,P<0.05)、情感养育环境(t=-2.47,P<0.05)、社会性养育环境(t=-8.41,P<0.01)及总体环境(t=-8.29,P<0.01)。结论农村幼儿家庭养育环境得分低于城市幼儿家庭,需要家庭和社会共同努力来改善。

Objective To understand the differenee between the urban and rural preschool children＇s home environment. Method Totally 61 children from rural or urban area were interviewed their home environments with the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment （HOME）. Results There were differences on material（t=-8.17 ,P〈0.01） ,learning（t =-2.33,P〈0. 05）,responsive（t=-2.47,P〈0.05）,modeling（t= 8. 41,P〈0. 01） and total scores（t=-8.29,P〈0.01） of HOME between rural and urban preschool children＇s family. Conclusion Seore of rural preschool children＇s HOME is quite lower than urban children＇s, and the situation should to be improved.