凝汽器材料的耐磨蚀性能及电化学性能

Electrochemical Property and Erosion-corrosion Resistance of Condenser Materials

模拟电厂凝汽器工况,采用自行研制的磨蚀试验机比较了不锈钢板材304、316L、Sea-Cure、日本钛板以及管材Sea-Cure、白铜管B10、B30和产于中国、美国、日本三地的钛管的耐磨蚀性能,进行了材料的维氏(HV)硬度分析和磨蚀腐蚀电化学试验。结果表明,各板材的耐磨蚀性能依次为Sea-Cure>日本Ti>304>316L,管材为Sea-Cure>中国Ti>美国Ti>日本Ti>>B30>B10,且国内外不同产地钛管的耐磨蚀性能稍有差异。材料的耐磨蚀性能主要由基底金属硬度与钝化膜修复能力决定,硬度对应于机械冲刷作用,钝化膜则对应于腐蚀作用。建议在含砂量较高的沿海电厂凝汽器可优先选用耐磨蚀性能更佳的Sea-Cure管代替钛管作为冷却管。

The erosion-corrosion behavior of condenser materials including stainless steel plates such as 304,316 L,Sea-Cure,Ti（titanium）produced in Japan and tubes such as Sea-Cure,cupronickel tubes B10,B30,Ti produced in China,America and Japan was investigated via a self-made liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion-corrosion testing machine.Through Vickers hardness test and erosion-corrosion electrochemical test,the erosion-corrosion properties of those materials were ranked and further analyzed.The results showed that resistance to erosion-corrosion of plates was：Sea-Cure〉Ti produced in Japan〉304〉316L,and that of tubes was：Sea-Cure〉Ti in China〉Ti in America〉Ti in Japan〉〉B30〉B10.The performance of Ti produced respectively in China,America and Japan was slightly different.The resistance to erosion-corrosion was mainly determined by hardness of base metals and passivation film repair capacity.Hardness was corresponding to mechanical erosion and the passivation film was corresponding to corrosion.It was suggested that super ferritic stainless steel Sea-Cure should be used as condenser materials in coastal areas to replace common titanium tubes in power condensers.