“乃埸乃疆”和“乃积乃仓”新解

A New Interpretation of "Nai Yi Nai Jiang" and "Nai Ji Nai Cang"

《诗经·公刘》首章里的"乃埸乃疆"多理解为治理田界,"乃积乃仓"多理解为将粮食收入仓廪。《公刘》是叙述周部族从邰迁往豳的这一段历史,每一章对应迁徙过程中的某一个重要抉择,首章对应的是周族人在做迁徙前的准备,如此,周族人又何必要在即将出发之时治理田界从事生产,又何必要把粮食堆积起来收进粮仓呢?显然,以往对"乃埸乃疆"和"乃积乃仓"的理解不符合诗意,如果把埸、疆等都理解为名词用作动词,则豁然可解。

＂ Nai Yi Nai Jiang＂ and ＂ Nai Ji Nai Cang＂ in the first chapter of Shijing · Gongliu were respectively understood as the governance of the field boundaries and collecting the grains into warehouses. Gongliu describes the period of history when the Zhou tribe moved from Tai to Bin, each chapter corresponding to an important stage in the great migration. The first chapter corresponds to the preparatory stage before their migration; this being the case, why did the Zhou tribe need to govern their field boundaries and gather their grains into warehouses upon the upcoming departure？ It is apparent that the original understanding of ＂ Nai Yi Nai Jiang＂ and ＂ Nai Ji Nai Cang＂ does not accord with the meaning of the poem. It follows that the meanings of ＂ Yi＂ and ＂ Jiang＂ exhibit themselves if the two words are taken as nouns instead of verbs.