清代博学鸿词科的诗赋取士及其它

Selecting Officials by Testing Poem and Fu Prose under the Bo Xue Hong Ci category in the Qing Dynasty's Empire Examination

清代博学鸿词科仅在康熙己未年间、乾隆丙辰年间开设,主要以诗赋取士,诗、赋文体并不是常用的取士文体,这种取士导向也与常科相异。清代开设博学鸿词科有其特殊的政治用意,而诗、赋文体恰到好处地表达了这种诉求。但是,康乾前后两次博学鸿词科在评价标准上有所变化,同样是诗赋取士的背后蕴含了不一样政治历史因素。

The category of Bo Xue Hong Ci （to be knowledgeable and talent in literature） in the Qing Dynasty＇s empire examination was only opened in the year of 1679 and 1736, mainly testing the poem andfu prose writing, which were not the regular type of writing in the empire examination. There were special political purpose to set this category, and the poem andfit prose are exactly suitable to express such appealing. However, there were some changes between the two examinations concerning the evaluation criterions. They were in same of selecting officials by testing their poem and fu prose writing, but the political and historical factors involved were different.