滴灌条件下土壤水分状况对月柿生长发育、产量和品质的影响

Effect of Soil Moisture Status on the Growth,Yield and Quality of Persimmon under Drip Irrigation

以滴灌方式进行供水,研究了不同土壤水分含率对月柿生长发育、产量和品质的影响,以探寻月柿关键需水期适宜的土壤含水率。通过智能化灌溉系统在月柿各关键需水期设置连续性的土壤含水率梯度,研究了不同水分状况下土壤养分状况、叶片营养特性、光合作用以及果实产量和品质等指标的动态变化。结果表明,在设定的土壤含水率范围内,随着土壤水分的增加,叶片和土壤氮、钾元素量先升高后降低;新梢长度、光合速率、果实半径、产量以及固溶物量、VC量、总糖量也都在达到峰值后出现不同程度的下降;而叶片、果实含水率以及蒸腾速率则持续增高。根据试验结果初步确定,月柿发芽期、开花期、果实膨大期的适宜土壤含水率分别为65%θF^66%θF、66%θF^67%θF、70%θF^72%θF。

The effects of different soil water content on the growth,yield and quality of persimmon under drip irrigation was studied. To explore suitable soil water content of persimmon in critical water demand period. Continuous soil water content gradients through the intelligent irrigation system was set up to study the dynamic changes of soil nutrient status, leaf nutrient characteristics, photosynthesis, fruit yield and quality and other indicators under different water conditions. The results showed that, in the setting range of soil water content,with the increase of soil moisture, the N, K contents of leaf and soil increased firstly and then decreased; new shoot length, photosynthetic rate, fruit radius, yield and solid soluble matter content, VC content, total sugar content reached the peak value, and then appeared varying degrees of decline; the water content of leaves and fruit and transpiration rate increased constantly. According to the experimental results, it is recommended that the suitable soil water content of persimmon be 65%θF- 66%θF, 66%θF-67%θF, 70%θF-72%θF in germination, flowering and fruit enlargement.