“尧舜禹抹杀论”与中日疑古思潮

“Erase on Yao Shun and Yu” and the Ideological Trends of Suspecting the Past in China and Japan

在近代中日两国的史学发展中都曾出现过疑古之风。在日本,由白鸟库吉提出的"尧舜禹抹杀论"奠定了疑古史学的思想基础。他对中国古史真实性的质疑,催生了日本汉学界诸多学者对传统汉学的反思,并形成疑古思潮的一大主流,同时也如"蝴蝶效应"般引发了各领域的学术论争。而在隔海相望的中国,也几乎于同一时期掀起了以顾颉刚为代表的古史辨伪运动,引起了学界的轩然大波。虽然两国的疑古思潮出现的年代相近,其研究方法和内容也有相似之处,但因不同的政治文化背景等因素,也演变出各自的学术走向,其结局也大相径庭。

With the development of historical science,the ideological trend of suspecting the past appeared in both China and Japan. In Japan,this trend could be traced back to the raise of ＂Erase on Yao Shun and Yu＂,which was put forward by Shiratori Kurakichi and criticized Chinese ancient history strictly. It triggered deep reflection on Chinese culture in the sinological circle of Japan and lots of academic arguments in various fields. Meanwhile,in China there emerged the ＂Ku-shih-pien＂School represented by Gu Jiegang,questioning the facticity of our history and having aroused wide concern. Although the emergence of China-Japan ideological trends of suspecting the past were close in time and similarities of research methods and contents could also be found,they had their distinct features and different endings as a result of diverse political and cultural backgrounds.