中国丹霞地貌分布(上)

Study on Distribution of Danxia Landform in China( first)

根据作者多年的实地考察调研,中国目前已知的1 003处丹霞地貌分布在28个省区,东北至黑龙江省宁安市的牡丹江凹岸的红石砬子,南至海南省琼海市白石岭,西至新疆乌恰县的柯孜勒苏河两岸,东到浙江象山沿海。从4 500 m左右的青藏高原面到海平面,涉及青藏高原半旱区、半湿润区,中温带湿润区、半湿润区、半干旱区、干旱区,暖温带半湿润区、半干旱区、干旱区,北亚热带湿润区,中亚热带湿润区、半湿润区,南亚热带湿润区,北热带湿润区,14个气候区内都有丹霞地貌的分布,且均以丹崖赤壁为其基本特征。

Danxia landform is a special continental red beds landform which is characterized by red scarp slope.Danxia landform as a new rock landform types is named by Chinese geologists. A great amount of work has already been done by Chinese scholars on Danxia geomorphology more than 80 years of history. In this paper,we make a brief overview on the field of China Danxia geomorphological study,including the definition of Danxia landform,types and distribution of Danxia landform in China,internal and external forces of landform processes,Danxia landscapes tourism development and its protection aspects. The red layers of activation Diwa areas is primarily consist of sandstone,conglomerate,sandy conglomerate,mudstone,clastic rock material. In China,Diwa areas deposition had already begun since the last Triassic,the Jurassic and Cretaceous period is strongest. With the tectonic uplifting,occurred tilting,folding,fracture,and produce a series of joints,these within basins become into outflow erosion areas. Under water and wind erosion,denudation and collapse,weathering,biological,wave action,artificial role and other external force,different Danxia landform types development under the control of the different roles.Danxia landscapes is characterized by its red and escarpment. By the end of 2012,Total 1 003 Danxia landscape sites hand been discovered in 28 provinces in China. Eighty percent of them are distributed in the crust uplifting red basins formed in Mesozoic and Cenozoic fault basins. Altitude from sea level to 5 000 meters,from semi-arid and arid areas to semi-humid and moist zones,fourteen climatic regions have Danxia landform distribution. It is estimated about one fifth of national scenic spots is Danxia landscapes in China. Danxia landform is one of natural rock scenery. They are human＇s wealth and the earth heritage. Some endangered and famous Danxia scenic sites must be protected.