新疆维吾尔自治区维吾尔族和哈萨克族不孕症现况调查及影响因素对比分析

A cross-sectional study of infertility prevalence and influencing factors in Uygur and Kazak women, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region

目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区（新疆）维吾尔（维）族、哈萨克（哈）族不孕症分布及影响因素。方法2008年10月至2009年3月新疆医科大学第一附属医院采用分层随机整群抽样方法，对鄯善县维族535例、福海县哈族322例已婚育龄妇女进行问卷调查和妇科检查，采用SPSS17．0软件进行统计分析。结果维族已婚育龄妇女不孕症总现患率为26．5％，哈族为21．7％，两族不孕症总现患率的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。维族妇女原发不孕的现患率为14．7％，哈族为8．7％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；维族继发不孕的现患率为11．8％，哈族为13．0％，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。多因素分析显示影响维族不孕症发生的因素有经济收入、盆腔炎症、子宫内膜异位症、BMI；影响哈族不孕症发生的因素有结婚年龄、子宫内膜异位症、宫外孕史。结论新疆维族和哈族已婚育龄妇女不孕症的现患率较高，但两族妇女患不孕症的危险因素不同．应有针对性开展宣传和诊治。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of infertility and related factors in Uygur and Kazak women in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region （Xinjiang）. Methods Questionnaire survey and pelvic examination were conducted among 535 Uygur women and 322 Kazak women at reproductive age who were selected through stratified cluster random sampling in Sansan and Fuhai counties in Xinjiang. The data were analyzed with software SPSS 17.0. Results The prevalence of infertility among the Uygur and Kazak women were 26.5% and 21.7% respectively, the difference was not statistically significant （P〉0.05）. The prevalence of primary infertility among the Uygur and Kazak women were 14.7%, and 8.7%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant （P〈 0.05）. The prevalence of secondary infertility among the Uygur and Kazak women were 11.8% and 13.0%, respectively, the difference was not statistically significant （P〉0.05）. The prevalence of infertility in the Uygur women was correlated with household income, pelvic inflammation, endometriosis and BMI, while the prevalence of infertility in the Kazak women was correlated with age of marriage, endometriosis and the history of ectopic pregnancy. Conclusion The prevalence of infertility was high among the Uygur and Kazak women at reproductive age in Xinjiang. The influencing factors varied with ethnic group. It is necessary to conduct targeted health education and provide early diagnosis and effective treatment.