解构主义误读理论之修辞维度研究

On the Rhetoric Dimension of the Misreading Theory of Deconstructive Criticism

解构主义误读理论之修辞维度的代表批评家是德里达、德·曼和米勒。误读的根源被归结为文学语言的修辞性特征,在语言修辞中比喻义优于字面义,寓言高于象征,因此文学批评需要以修辞性的阅读来代替一般性阅读对字面义的推崇,以碎片化的寓言式解读来取代同一性的象征。在批评方法上,无论是德里达的边缘解构策略、德·曼对"语法的修辞化"的分析,还是米勒对文本寄生性和重复现象的阐释,都是通过挖掘文本自身矛盾性来达到颠覆传统阐释的目的,显示了文本中反逻辑的异质性因素对统一结构的消解。

The representative literary critics of the rhetoric dimension of the misreading theory are Derrida, Paul de Man and Miller. The resource of misreading is not rooted in the readers but in the language. The literary language needs deep digging, and with it, the meaning of trope is superior to the literal meaning, and the allegory exceeds the symbol, so the literary criti- cism needs to replace the common reading with the rhetorical reading. In terms of critical methods, Derrida adopts the reading tactic of substituting the edge for the center. Paul de Man suggests finding the metaphoric effects through Metorization of Grammar. Miller advises the repeated reading. They all dig the inner contradictions of text to deconstruct the traditional interpreta- tion, which demonstrates the dispelling power of Herterogeneity parts to the structure of the text.