進入宋代皇室的乳母與宫廷政治鬥爭

Royal nannies' role in court political conflicts during Song Dynasty

在宋代,下層婦女經由女性中介進入皇室成爲乳母。其中,皇帝的乳母地位最高,和唐五代的內外相淆不同,宋代皇帝乳母的封號基本上屬郡、國夫人等外命婦系列。儘管宋代的皇帝乳母封號美稱達到新的高度,但在士大夫警惕的目光下,除仁宗朝的林氏之外,她們所謂干政僅限於取得更多的經濟利益,和漢、明的乳母不可同日而語。但這個羣體仍有相當的特權,她們一般都能取得命婦稱號,由於她們能出入皇宮傳話,往往在王子、公主府中具有一定的權威。在宮內外的皇室家庭生活中,她們的身影亦時隱時現,她們與其他下層女性相似,具有健康豐碩的體態,往往成爲吸引男主人的因素,因此她們也給主家帶來後代血緣上的困惑,甚至給這個家庭帶來倫理親情的危機。

Women from lower class became royal nannies by female brokers.Emperor's nannies ranked first among the court nannies.In Song Dynasty emperor's nannies were entitled with Lady of Shire or Lady of Country.That was different from Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties.Emperor Shenzong's nanny was honored with Lady of Three Countries,the highest title.But the scholar-bureaucrats were on the alert against the interference in court politics by nannies.Different from the Han Dynasty and Ming Dynasty,the royal nannies' interference generally focused on economic interests in Song Dynasty.However,the nannies in Song still had some privilege and influence on prince and princess because they were honored with royal titles.Male masters were charmed by their beautiful nannies.Sexy nannies could cause bewilderment in royal descendants and even ethical crises.