建築·空間·書寫:唐興慶宫花萼相輝勤政務本樓研究

The Construction of Physical Space and the Production of Political Space:A Case Study of the Hua'exianghui and Qinzhengwuben Towers in the Tang Dynasty Xingqing Palace

花萼相輝勤政務本樓是唐南內興慶宮的一組建築,長期以來,學界一致認爲花萼(相輝)樓與勤政(務本)樓是兩座樓。通過考古發掘與文本細讀可以發現,兩個樓名是同一座建築不同時期的名稱。"花萼(相輝)樓"樓名出現在開元前期,"勤政(務本)樓"出現於玄宗後期。作爲玄宗時期的標誌性的政治空間,樓體名稱由花萼樓到勤政樓的轉變是宮廷私人空間向公共空間轉變的結果,顯示了玄宗政治運作空間與長安都市社會正在發生的深刻變化。圍繞花萼勤政樓不同時期的功能轉變,作爲歷史空間的花萼勤政樓在文本書寫中出現了不同面相。在唐代官方記載中,花萼勤政樓被塑造成爲玄宗時代的標誌性建築,成爲唐人追憶盛世的神話。在宋人記憶與書寫中,花萼樓與勤政樓被構建成爲具有不同功能的樓體,以此表達了宋代知識分子的政治欲求與價值判斷。南宋時期,對花萼勤政樓的記憶逐漸湮沒,作爲一種文本事實,花萼樓與勤政樓是兩座樓的觀念被普遍接受,延續至今。

The Hua'exianghui and Qinzhengwuben Towers form an architectural complex in Xingqing Palace,the Tang dynasty Southern Imperial Palace.Scholars have long regarded the Hua'e(xianghui)Tower and the Qinzheng(wuben) Tower to be two sets of buildings.However,based on archeological discoveries and textual research about the historical sites,these two names of are actually adopted in different time periods referring to the same building.The Hua'e(Qinzheng) Towers,established during the mid-late Kaiyuan era,were the place where Emperor Xuanzong and his brothers held family banquets and had celebrations.At the end of the Kaiyuan era,the buildings underwent a massive extension and rebuilding.Thereafter,the towers became a place where Emperor Xuanzong held grand-scale ritual ceremonies and were loosely referred as " Qinzheng(wuben)Tower." Itself being an important political space during Emperor Xuanzong's reign,the building's name changed from " Hua'e Tower" to " Qinzheng Tower." This particular renaming,caused by the transformation from the palatial private space to the public space,reveals the fundamental change in the operating modes of Emperor Xuanzong's political space,and furthermore indicates the tendency of the High Tang urban spatial functions to be popularized and secularized.