21世纪美国公共图书馆的动摇与发展:历史概观

Ups and Downs of American Public Libraries in the 21^(st) Century:A Historical Overview

20世纪的美国公共图书馆史由"图书馆服务"、"信息获取"与"图书馆记录保护"三条主线构成,这三个图书馆基本价值使20世纪成为图书馆的"三位一体"时代。进入21世纪后,公共图书馆为了应对周围环境的巨大变化,进行着一系列全新的尝试。为了准确把握现状,理解公共图书馆的发展脉络成为了必不可少的步骤。本文概述了美国公共图书馆自19世纪以来的发展,并讲述了21世纪公共图书馆的动摇与发展。

For a long time, library services, freedom of access to information and confidentiality of library records constituted the basic value of public libraries. However, the environment public libraries face has changed enormously in the 21^st century and libraries have entered the new era of development. This paper presents a historical overview of fluctuation and development of library services, the freedom of access to information and the confidentiality of library records in the United States since the 19^th century.