当代文学批评的主体性问题

The Issue on the Subjectivity of Literary Criticism in the Contemporary Sight

确认当代文学批评的主体性,在普泛意义上说,就是在当代视域中强调文学批评的能动性、自主性与自为性的统一性的实现。20世纪80年代,文学批评的主体性问题曾经得到了一定程度上的关注,并表现出在当代视域中的较为积极的建构倾向;然而,90年代以来,从总体上而言,文学批评的主体性却呈现出一种颇为严重的缺失局面。在当下,进行文学批评的主体性建设理应基于现代性价值立场,并在此基础上致力于批评主体的建设,确立文学批评实践和批评理论建构的明朗而深刻的现实关注意识和问题意识;同时,在全球化语境中实现文学批评发展的文化自觉,这里的关节点就在于需要迫切地提高文学批评中的民族自觉意识。

In the general sense, confirming the subjectivity of contemporary literary criticism means the realization of unity of the initiative, autonomy and self-behavior of the literary criticism emphasized in the contemporary sight. In the 1980s, the problem of the subjectivity of literary criticism has ever received a certain degree of attention, and it showed a tendency of positive construction in the contemporary era. However, since the 1990s, on the whole, the subjectivity of literary criticism appeared to be in the situation of rather serious absence. In the moment, the construction of the subjectivity of literary criticism should be based on the value of modernity of the position, of which the subject of criticism is also supposed to be constructed on the basis, as well as the establishment of practices in literary criticism and the theoretical construction of a clear and profound reality-concerned consciousness and consciousness of problems. At the same time, the crucial point in the realization of the cultural consciousness of literary criticism development in the context of globalization is the urgent need to improve the national consciousness of literary criticism.