丝状菌在污水处理中的控制与应用

CONTROL AND APPLICATION OF FILAMENTOUS BACTERIA IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT

为研究丝状菌在污水处理中的作用,分别对丝状菌在活性污泥法、生物膜法及颗粒污泥反应器中的作用进行了详细分析。分析认为,在传统活性污泥法中,丝状菌不一定会导致活性污泥膨胀,但在丝状菌非常多的情况下,会导致污泥膨胀,并严重影响污泥沉降的性能。在生物膜法中,一般认为丝状菌有益无害,但曝气生物滤池除外,应尽量予以避免;在颗粒污泥反应器中,适当数量的丝状菌有利于颗粒污泥的形成,但是丝状菌过量会造成出水水质恶化,颗粒污泥解体等一系列严重后果。同时提出了不同情况下控制丝状菌膨胀的方法,建议加大对于污泥膨胀尤其是微膨胀的研究,以进一步优化丝状菌的功能,提高污水出水效果。

In order to study the effect of filamentous bacteria on wastewater treatment systems, functions of filamentous bacteria in activated sludge process, biofilm process, and granular sludge process were analyzed respectively. During traditional activated sludge process, it was found that the appearance of filamentous bacteria does not result in sludge bulking all the time. However, if the amount of filamentous bacteria was too large, then slttdge bulking appeared, which would cause serious sedimentation problems. During biofilm process, filamentous bacteria was helpful to wastewater treatment except to biological aerated filter （BAF）, and filamentous bacteria should be avoid in BAF process as much as possible. During granular sludge process, some filamentous bacteria was useful to form granules, however, too much filamentous bacteria may cause effluent deterioration and break-up of granules. Different strategies were suggested here under different types of sludge bulking. At meanwhile, a further research for sludge bulking, especially for limited sludge bulking was proposed to improve water quality in effluent.