铝合金用抗硬水切削液的研制

Preparation of Cutting Fluid Tor Aluminum Alloy in Hard Water

目前铝合金用切削液的抗硬水能力普遍较差,因此使用寿命受到严重影响。针对铝合金的加工特点,研究开发了一种抗硬水的铝合金用合成切削液;参照GB 6144-2010,研究了配制切削液的水质硬度较高时几种防锈剂对灰口铸铁防锈性能的影响;考察了几种缓蚀剂对铝合金的防腐蚀效果,确定了防锈剂和铝缓蚀剂最合适的添加比例。结果表明:合成切削液最优配方为丙二醇嵌段聚醚2.0%,反式聚醚5.0%,改性磷酸酯3.0%,BIT202.5%,BBIT 0.5%,有机硅消泡剂0.2%,三乙醇胺8.0%,苯并三氮唑0.5%,甲基二乙醇胺5.0%,C12M11.0%,L190plus 2.0%和MP950MG 0.5%;三元羧酸L190plus与二元羧酸C12M1共同使用时可有效增强切削液体系的防锈性能,比单独使用时防锈效果改善明显;不同铝合金缓蚀剂的抗硬水能力相差较大,当铝缓蚀剂MP950MG添加量达到0.5%时,就可有效防止铝合金的氧化失色,防腐蚀效果极其明显,且抗硬水性良好。

A kind of cutting fluid for aluminum alloy in hard water was prepared in terms of the processing characteristic of aluminum alloy.According to GB6144-2010,the rust proof properties of several kinds of anti-rust agents in cutting fluid prepared with high hardness water to the gray cast iron were investigated.The anti-corrosion effects of the inhibitors for Al alloys were studied and the most appropriate ratio of anti- rust agent and inhibitor was confirmed.Results showed that the best components of the cutting fluid were 2.0%propylene glycol block polyether,5.0%trans polyether,2.5%BIT20,0.5%BBIT,0.2%silicone defoaming agent,8.0%triethanolamine,0.5%benzotriazole,5.0%methyldiethanolamine,1.0%C_(12)M_1,2.0%L190plus and 0.5%MP950MG.Furthermore,the anti- rust performance of cutting fluid system with both tribasic carboxylic acid L190 plus and dicarboxylic acid C_(12)M_1 was enhanced,which was better than that with either carboxylic acid.Besides,the resistances to hard water of different aluminum alloy inhibitors differed greatly.When the percentage of MP950 MG was increased to 0.5%,the oxidation and corrosion of aluminum alloy could be effectively prevented,and the resistance to hard water was also excellent.