城市化背景下的农村新三代家庭结构分析

New Three-generation Family Structure Under Urbanization

在快速的城市化背景下,江汉平原却形成了高比例的新三代家庭结构,挑战了主流的西方现代化家庭理论的普适性,需要给予新的解释。新三代家庭结构具有家庭结构的时空分离、年轻媳妇占主导和代际不平衡等特征。村庄内部的进城竞争、城市化的中国道路和家庭内部的代际压力转移共同形塑了新三代家庭结构。在社会阶层分化并固化的趋势下,新三代家庭结构有助于城市化竞争和社会阶层的向上流动,但同时又是以代际剥削为代价的。生活在村中的中年人承受了巨大的竞争压力,丧失劳动能力的老年人面临生存危机。

Under the background of rapid urbanization, however, a high proportion of new three-generation family structure has formed in the rural areas of Jianghan plain, which challenges the mainstream Western theories of the modern family. The new three -generation family structure has the features of space and time separation, young daughter-in-law in domination and inter-generational imbalance. Urbanization competition inside village, China＇s road of urbanization and the inter-generational pressure within the family together shape a new three-gen- eration family structure. In the social stratum differentiation and the solidification, the new three -generation family structure is helpful to the urbanization competition and social mobility. But at the same time it is at the expense of the inter -generational exploitation.