新型烟草有机肥对烤烟产质量的影响

Effects of New Type of Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

利用大田试验,2014年在永州和长沙研究了施用新型烟草有机肥对烤烟生长、抗病能力及产质量的影响。结果表明:在烤烟生产中,将新型有机肥作基肥施入,能有效促进植株生长发育,延长烤烟的营养生长时间;增强生长势,改善农艺性状;降低花叶病病情指数和提高烟叶经济产量,在永州点,2号有机肥产值最高,为54 030.0元/hm2,较对照高1 952.3元/hm2,在长沙点,1号有机肥产值最高,为46 059.3元/hm2,显著高于3号有机肥和对照;能改善烤后烟叶外观质量和烟叶内在化学成分协调性,施用1、2号有机肥的烟叶糖碱比、钾氯比更适宜,钾含量更高;烟叶感官质量更好,两个试验点1、2号有机肥处理评吸得分均比对照高2%。综合来看,以1号和2号新型烟草有机肥的效果较好。

Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of new type of tobacco organic fertilizer on growth,disease resistance,yield and quality of flue -cured tobacco in Changsha and Yongzhou in 2014.The results showed that when new type of organic fertilizer was used as basal fertilizer,the growth of tobacco plant was promoted,vegetable growth duration was prolonged,agronomic traits were improved,virus disease index was decreased,and yield was enhanced.At Yongzhou experimental base,output value of T2 was the highest,which reached 54 030.0 yuan/hm2 ,which was higher 1 952.3 yuan/hm2 than that of CK.At Changsha experimental base,output value of T1 was the highest,which reached 46 059.3 yuan/hm2 ,which was significantly higher than that of T3 and CK.New type of organic fertilizer could improve the appearance quality and coordination of chemical components.T1 and T2 had more suitable sugar alkali ratio,potassium chloride ratio, higher potassium content and better sensory quality.Smoking assessment scores of T1 and T2 at two sites were 2% higher than that of CK.Comprehensively,the effects of No.1 and No.2 new type of organic fertilizer were better.