公共企业的政治经济学分析

Political Economic Analysis of Public Enterprise

公共企业是以公共投资作为出资主体的经济组织。公共企业尤其是公有制经济企业的设立,不仅是生产的社会化发展的必然要求,也是社会主义国家里劳动者当家做主的必然体现,能够焕发广大劳动人民群众的生产积极性,提高社会生产力。企业的公共性也意味着企业经营管理职责的公共性,这种公共性不能被企业的管理层所垄断。在公共企业中,职工或其代表参与经营管理,并引入企业外的社会人士尤其是工人群众参与监督,是公共企业经营管理的应有之义。充分维护劳动者的利益是保证国有企业或国营企业公有性质的重要前提。让国有企业的员工集体参股,实现集体资本与国有资本的混合,进而提高国有企业职工对国有企业改革的发言权和决策权,也是值得积极探索的混合所有制道路。

Public enterprise is economic organization taking public investment as the fund?provider. The setting?up of public enter?prise, especially public ownership economic enterprise is not only the inevitable demand of the social development of production, but also the reflection of labors playing the role of masters in socialist nation, which can promote working people’ s enthusiasm for produc?tion and improve social productivity. Enterprise’ s publicity means the publicity of enterprise management responsibilities which cannot be monopolized by the management of enterprise. In public enterprise, staff’ s or their representatives’ participation in management and supervision from people out of the enterprise especially workers are the right things of public enterprise management. To protect labor’ s right is the important precondition of public nature of state?owned enterprise and state?operated enterprise. The way of mixed ownership is worth exploring in which the staff of state?owned enterprise share stocks to mix collective capital and state?owned capital and further to promote the right to speak and to make decision of state?owned enterprise staff on state?owned enterprise reform.