右美托咪定对大鼠肾缺血再灌注诱发肺损伤的影响

Effect of dexmedetomidine on lung injury induced by renal ischemia reperfusion in rats

目的 探讨右美托咪定对大鼠肾缺血再灌注诱发肺损伤的影响.方法 将48只清洁级Sprague Dawley大鼠完全随机分为对照组、脂多糖组和右美托咪定组,各16只,均建立肾缺血再灌注诱发肺损伤模型.对照组大鼠给予0.5 ml/kg0.9％氯化钠注射液,脂多糖组给予4 mg/kg脂多糖,右美托咪定组给予1.0 μg/kg右美托咪定和4 mg/kg脂多糖,3组均在10 min内股静脉缓慢注射.观察大鼠行为,使用苏木精-伊红（HE）染色观察大鼠肺组织病理学变化,比较3组大鼠全肺湿重、肺脏器系数[全肺湿重（g）/体质量（g）]、肺组织细胞凋亡指数和肺匀浆组织中肿瘤坏死因子α （TNF-α）与白细胞介素（IL）6含量.结果 右美托咪定组大鼠精神状态好,饮食佳,生长发育及体质量增长比较理想,HE染色显示肺组织细胞浸润以及组织结构破坏不明显;右美托咪定组的全肺湿重、脏器系数、肺组织细胞凋亡指数和肺匀浆组织中的TNF-α与IL-6表达量均明显低于脂多糖组与对照组[（1.4±0.4）g比（2.1±0.4）、（2.2 ±0.4）g;（7.7±0.4）％比（10.3±0.7）％、（11.7±0.5）％;（22.1±4.4）％比（24.9±5.1）％、（55.0±6.3）％;（234±74） ng/L比（400 ±56）、（410±54） ng/L; （33±19） ng/L比（67±16）、（72±12） ng/L],差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）,除肺组织凋亡指数外,余指标在脂多糖组与对照组之间比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）.结论 右美托咪定能有效下调肾缺血再灌注诱发肺损伤时TNF-α与IL-6的表达,可以明显减轻肺部炎性反应和肺组织凋亡,对肺损伤有一定的保护作用.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on lung injury induced by renal ischemia reperfusion in rats.Methods Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group,lipopolysaccharide （LPS） group and dexmedetomidine group （each n =16）.After establishment of lung injury model induced by renal ischemia reperfusion,control group was injected with 0.9% sodium chloride injection （0.5 ml/kg） ; LPS group was slowly injected with LPS （4 mg/kg） ; dexmedetomidine group was injected with dexmedetomidine （1.0 μg/kg） within 10 min.The behaviors of rats and the pathological changes of lung tissue were observed; the whole lung weight,lung coefficient [organ wet weight （g）/body weight （g）],apoptosis index of lung tissue,tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） and interleukin （IL）-6 in lung tissue were measured.Results In dexmedetomidine group,the rats showed good mind and diet,ideal growth and weight gain; pathology results showed that the cell infiltration and destruction of the lung tissue were not obvious.The whole lung weight,lung coefficient,apoptosis index of lung tissue,TNF-α and IL-6 in lung tissue in dexmedetomidine group were all significantly lower than those in LPS group and control group [（1.4 ± 0.4） g vs （2.1 ± 0.4）,（2.2 ± 0.4） g ; （7.7 ±0.4）% vs （10.3 ±0.7）%,（11.7 ±0.5）% ; （22.1 ±4.4）% vs （24.9 ±5.1）%,（55.0 ±6.3）% ; （234 ±74） ng/L vs （400 ±56）,（410 ±54） ng/L; （33 ± 19） ng/L vs （67 ± 16）,（72 ± 12） ng/L] （P 〈 0.05） ; all indexes except apoptosis index of lung tissue showed no significant differences between LPS group and control group （P 〉 0.05）.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can effectively reduce IL-6 and TNF-α expression,relieve the lung inflammation and apoptosis in the lung tissue,which shows a protective effect on lung injury induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion.