摘要
目的 探讨瑞芬太尼联合右美托咪定在老年患者无痛经内镜逆行性胰胆管造影术(ERCP)中镇痛效果及安全性.方法 选取江苏省泰州市人民医院行ERCP治疗的患者65例,将患者完全随机分为瑞芬太尼复合右美托咪定组(RY组,32例)和地西泮复合哌替啶组(D组,33例).记录诱导前(To)、诱导后(T1)、插镜(T2)、插镜后10 min(T3)、退镜(T4)、术毕(T5)各时点的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率、呼吸和脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2),T3时点的改良警觉/镇静评分(OAA/S),观察术中及术后的不良反应,同时记录手术时间和术后满意度评分.结果 T1~T55个时点RY组患者的MAP、心率和呼吸的水平均明显低予D组[MAP:(96±14) mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 mPa)比(114±18)mmHg、(97±12) mmHg比(110±14)mmHg、(92±11) mmHg比(111±15) mmHg、(95 ±11)mmHg比(111±16) mmHg、(95±10) mmHg比(107±13) mmHg;心率:(61±11)次/min比(78±18)次/min、(71±12)次/min比(92±18)次/min、(67±8)次/min比(85±9)次/min、(65±7)次/min比(84±13)次/min、(70±8)次/min比(80±9)次/min;乎吸:(12.4±2.2)次/min比(17.9±3.6)次/min、(13.6±1.8)次/min比(19.8±3.3)次/min、(11.9±2.2)次/min比(19.5±3.4)次/min、(14.1±2.0)次/min比(19.4±2.9)次/min、(14.9±2.4)次/min比(20.5±3.1)次/min,均P<0.05],SpO2差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).RY组体动、术后恶心呕吐发生率明显低于D组[(0.0%(2/32)比12.1% (4/33)、0.0% (0/32)比12.1% (4/33),P<0.05],RY组术中OAA/S评分与术后满意度评分相较于D组有明显的改善[(3.3±0.7)分比(4.4±0.5)分、(96±6)分比(87±9)分](P<0.05).结论 瑞芬太尼联合右美托咪定用于老年患者无痛ERCP能够更好地维持患者血流动力学相对稳定,安全可行.
Objective To explore the effect and safety of remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine during anesthesia of painless endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the elderly patients.Methods Totally 65 elderly patients undergoing painless ERCP were randomly divided into remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine group (32 cases) and diazepam combined with dolantin group (33 cases).The heart rate (HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP),respire rate (RR),pulse oxygen saturation (SPO2) before (T0) and after induction (T1),during endoscopy (T2),10 rain after endoscopy (T3),at withdrawal (T4) and at the end of the operation (T5) were recorded; the observer's assessment of alertness/sedation (OAA/S) scale was assessed at T3 time point scores; the adverse reactions during and after operation were observed; the duration of operation and anesthesia,and the patients' satisfaction rate were recorded.Results Compared with those in group D,the MAP,the HR and the RR in RY group were lower from T1 to Ts [MAP:(96 ± 14) mmHg vs (114 ± 18) mmHg,(97 ± 12) mmHg vs (110±14) mmHg,(92±11) mmHg vs (111 ±15) mmHg,(95±11) mmHg vs (111 ±16) mmHg,(95 ± 10) mmHg vs (107 ± 13) mmHg; HR:(61 ± 11) times/min vs (78 ± 18) times/min,(71 ± 12) times/min vs (92 ± 18) times/min,(67 ±8) times/min vs (85 ±9) times/min,(65 ±7) times/min vs (84 ± 13) times/min,(70 ± 8) times/min vs (80 ± 9) times/min; RR:(12.4 ± 2.2) times/min vs (17.9 ± 3.6) times/min,(13.6 ± 1.8) times/min vs (19.8 ±3.3) times/min,(11.9 ±2.2) times/min vs (19.5 ±3.4) times/min,(14.1 ± 2.0) times/min vs (19.4 ± 2.9) times/min,(14.9 ± 2.4) times/min vs (20.5 ± 3.1) times/min] (P 〈 0.05) ; the SPO2 showed no significantly differences between the two groups (P 〉 0.05).The incidences of movement,postoperative nausea and vomiting in RY group were significantly lower than those in D group [0.0% (0/32) vs 12.1% (4/33),0.0% (0/32) vs 12.1% (4/33),P〈0.05].The OAA/S score was significantly lower and the patients' satisfaction score was significantly higher in RY group than those in D group [(3.3 ± 0.7) scores vs (4.4 ± 0.5) scores,(96 ± 6) scores vs (87 ± 9) scores] (P 〈 0.05).Conclusion Remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine in elderly patients with painless ERCP can maintain the hemodynamics with good safety.
出处
《中国医药》
2015年第9期1386-1389,共4页
China Medicine
关键词
瑞芬太尼
右美托咪定
经内镜逆行性胰胆管造影术
老年患者
Remifentanil
Dexmedetomidine
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Elderly patients