我国芒果主栽品种遗传多样性分析及指纹图谱构建

Genetic diversity analysis and fingerprint construction for mango cultivars in China

【目的】研究芒果主栽品种遗传多样性,构建指纹图谱,为芒果品种创新及选育提供理论依据。【方法】利用115对SSR引物对30个芒果品种进行遗传多样性分析和聚类分析,分析其亲缘关系。【结果】从115对SSR引物中筛选出64对多态性引物,扩增条带总数为343条,多态性比例为73.2%。每对引物可检测到等位位点3.9个,基因多样性为0.54,Shannon’s信息指数为1.00,多样性信息平均指数为0.49,具有较高的遗传多样性。聚类分析结果表明,可将30份主栽品种分为四大类,第Ⅰ类包括14份材料;第Ⅱ类包括11份材料,主要为国外引种而获得的品种;第Ⅲ类包括4份材料,为缅三、帕拉英达、白玉和红象牙;第Ⅳ类仅有一份材料,为马切苏。选用7对SSR标记M42、M49、M54、M55、M96、M99和M103构建了30份芒果种质的数字化指纹图谱,可完全区分30份芒果主栽品种。【结论】30份芒果材料的基因组遗传较复杂,遗传信息较丰富,具有较高的遗传多样性。

[Objective]Genetic diversity in main cuhivars of mango was analyzed by using SSR markers, and finger- prints for mango cuhivars was constructed in order to provide theoretical basis for germplasm innovation and breeding of mango varieties. [Method]By using 115 pairs of SSR primers, genetic diversity and cluster analysis were analyzed amongst 30 mango euhivars. [Result]The 64 pairs of polymorphic primers were screened from 115 pairs, and 343 bands in total were amplified from 30 cuhivars with 73.2% of polymorphic bands. The 3.9 allelie loci on average were detected for each pair of primer, the average gene diversity was 0.54. Shannon＇ s index of diversity on average was 1.00, and polymorphism information content was 0.49 as higher genetic diversity. Cluster analysis results showed 30 main cuhivars could be divided into four categories. The first category included 14 cuhivars. The second included 11 cuhivars, most of which were intro- duced from abroad. The third included 4 cultivars, as Miansan, Parayinda, Baiyu and Hongxiangya. The fourth class only had a material as Maqiesu. By using 7 pairs of SSR markers, viz., M42, M49, M54, M55, M96, M99 and M103, the digital fingerprints were constructed for 30 mango cultivars. [Conclusion]The tested 30 mango cultivars present more com- plex genomic genetics and abundant genetic information, and have higher genetic diversity.