贵州思南四野屯自然保护区苔藓植物的多样性

Adversity of Bryophytes in Sinan Siyetun Natural Reserve in Guizhou

为四野屯自然保护区苔藓植物的多样性及其生态环境保护提供依据,于2014年5月对其进行调查取样,研究该区苔藓植物的多样性及其对环境的适应性。结果表明：四野屯自然保护区共有苔藓植物55科106属254种（含变种和亚种）。其中,丛藓科（Pottiaceae）、青藓科（Brachytheciaceae）、灰藓科（Hypnaceae）等11科为优势科,占该区总科数的20%;真藓属（Bryum）、青藓属（Brachythecium）和凤尾藓属（Fissidens）等9属为优势属,占该区总属数的8.49%。苔藓植物基质类型主要为石生,分布在海拔600～799m,生活型以交织型为主;以位于山坳喀斯特石灰土的青冈栎-马尾松林（针阔混交林）苔藓植物科属种最多,为41科58属95种,是该保护区苔藓植物种类最丰富区域,主要有灰藓科、丛藓科、真藓科、青藓科、白发藓科和光萼苔科等。

The diversity and environment adaptability of bryophytes in Siyetun Natural Reserve were studied by field survey in May, 2014 to provide the scientific basis for diversity and ecological environment protection of bryophytes in Siyetun Natural Reserve, Guizhou. The results showed that there are 254 species （including varieties and subspecies）, 106 genera, 55 families in bryophytes. The dominant families with 20% of total families are Pottiacea, Brachytheciaceae, Hypnaceae, Bryaceae,Meteoriaceae, Minaceae Fissidentiacea, Entodontaceae, Neckeraceae, Porellaceae and Lejeuneaceae. The dominant genera with 8.49% of total genera are Bryum, Brachythecium, Fissidens, Hypnum, Entodon, Porella, Trichostomum, Lejeunea and Meteorium Dozy ＆ Molk. Bryophytes mainly lived on rock distributes at 600～799 mand the life form is the interleaved type mainly. There are 95 species, 58 genera, 41 families in Cyclobalanopsis glauca-Pinus massoniana forest （mixed broadleaf-conifer forest） over the mountain with lime soil and the main families are Hypnaceae, Pottiaceae, Bryaceae, Brachytheciaceae, leucobryaceae and Porellaceae.