20种南药植物提取物的抑菌活性评价

Antifungal Activity of Extracts from 20 Southern Chinese Herbs

为有效挖掘热带南药植物的农用活性,采用菌丝生长速率法测定20种热带南药植物丙酮提取物在8mg/mL浓度下对薯蓣炭疽菌的抑菌活性,并在此基础上以薯蓣炭疽菌、芒果拟盘多毛孢菌、散尾葵小孢拟盘多毛孢、番石榴拟盘多毛孢和加拿利海枣掌状拟盘多毛孢为供试菌,对抑菌活性较强的几种植物提取物进行毒力测定。结果表明:九里香、薄荷、白玉兰、阴香、花椒、三奈和黄皮等7种植物提取物的抑菌效果较为显著,其抑制率均≥90%;胡椒、鸦胆子、蟛蜞菊、假蒟、艾草、含羞草和鱼尾葵等的抑菌效果次之,其抑制率均≥60%;莴苣、鸡蛋花、飞机草和芦荟的抑制率均≤50%。白玉兰、薄荷和九里香提取物对5种菌的EC50值分别为3.856mg/mL、8.850mg/mL、14.839mg/mL、9.180mg/mL和4.416 mg/mL,2.889 mg/mL、2.295mg/mL、3.479 mg/mL、5.563 mg/mL和4.036mg/mL,4.374mg/mL、7.387mg/mL、6.859mg/mL、8.714mg/mL和4.209mg/mL。

The antifungal activity of acetone extracts from 20 tropical Southern Chinese herbs against eight mg/mL Colletotrichurn gloeosporioides Penz was determined by mycelium growth rate method and then the toxicity of selected extracts with strong antifungal activity against C. gloeoslorioides Penz, Pestalotiopsis mangiferae （ P. Henn. ） Stey, P. rnlcrospora （ Speg. ） Satista Peresapud Batista, P. disseminatum（Thuem） Stey and P. palrnarum was determined further to effectively excavate and utilize agricultural activity of tropical Southern Chinese herbs. The results showed that the antifungal inhibition rate of M. exotica, M. haplocalyx, M. Denudata, C. Burrnannii, Z. Bungeanum, K. galanga and C. lansium extracts is ≥90%, followed by P. nigrum, B. javanica, W. chinensis, P. Sarmentosum, A. indica, M. pudica, and C. ochlandra extracts with ≥60% antifungal inhibition rate, and L. sativa, P. rubra, E. odoraturn and A. vera extracts with ≤50% antifungal inhibition rate. EC50 of M. Denudata extract, M. haplocalyx extract and M. exotica extract against C. gloeosporioides, P. rnangiferae, P. microspora, P. disserninatum and P. palrnarurn is 3. 856 mg/mL, 8. 850 mg/mL, 14. 839 mg/mL, 9. 180 mg/mL and 4. 416 mg/mL; 2. 889 mg/mL, 2. 295 mg/mL, 3. 479 mg/mL, 5. 563 mg/mL and 4. 036 mg/mL; 4. 374 mg/mL, 7. 387 mg/mL, 6. 859 mg/mL, 8. 714 mg/mL and 4. 209 mg/mL respectively.