3种白鲑的多变量形态分析

Multivariate Morphological Analysis of Three Coregonus Species

为白鲑的种质鉴别与评价、杂交选育和资源保护提供形态学依据,采用单因素方差分析、主成分分析、判别分析以及聚类分析对高白鲑、齐尔白鲑和凹目白鲑3种白鲑鱼类进行多变量形态分析。结果表明:3种白鲑中体长/体高、体长/头长、头长/吻长、头长/眼径、尾柄长/尾柄高、眼径/眼间距、口裂宽/口裂长、背吻距/背尾距8项比例性状差异显著。第一主成分中吻长/体长、口裂宽/体长、口裂长/体长3个指标的载荷量较高,第二主成分中体高/体长、头宽/体长、尾柄高/体长3个指标的载荷量较高,第三主成分中眼间距/体长指标的载荷量最大。3种白鲑的判别函数综合判别正确率均达100%。高白鲑和凹目白鲑的欧氏距离最小,在外形上较为接近,齐尔白鲑与高白鲑和凹目白鲑的形态差异较大。

In order to provide morphdogical basis for witefishes indentification and evaluation, germplasm, corss breeding and conservation,morphological differences among three whitefishes, C. peled, Z. pelyad and Coregonus autumnalis, were studied by One-Way ANOVN,Principal Components Analysis, Discriminant Function Analysis and Clustering Analysis. Results：There were significant difference in eight proportion characters of Body length/Body height, Body length/Head length, Head length/Snout length, Head length/Eye diameter, Caudal peduncle length/Caudal peduncle height, Eye diameter/Eye distance, Mouth width/Mouth length, Distance between dorsal fin and end of snout/Distance between dorsal fin and caudal fin among three whitefishes. The principal composition analysis showed that Snout length/Body length, Mouth width/body length, Mouth length/body length had important effect on morphological difference among three whitefishes in the first principal component. Body height/Body length, Head width/Body length,Caudal peduncle height/Body length had important effect on morphological difference among whitefishes in the second principal component. Eye distance/body length had important effect on morphological difference among three whitefishes in the third principal component. The discriminant analysis showed that the synthetic discriminating accuracy of three whitefishes was 100%. The cluster analysis revealed euclidean distance was small between C. peled and C. autumnalis, C. peled and C. auturnnalis close to on the exterior. The difference between Z. pelyad to C. peled and C. auturnnalis was greater relatively.