大载流高速滑动电接触表面瞬态温度分析

Analysis of surface transient temperature on large current carrying high-speed sliding electrical contact

高速滑动过程中接触表面瞬态高温会改变接触表面环境,烧蚀接触表面,加重摩擦磨损.本文针对大载流下高速滑动电接触表面瞬态温度场进行测量与分析研究,结合传热学和有限元基本理论,对接触表面瞬态温度场进行热分析,建立温度场计算模型,研究了不同热源对接触表面温度场的影响.利用高速滑动电接触试验机,采用非接触式辐射测温方法,对大载流高速滑动电接触瞬态温度进行测量,并将实际测量数据与有限元模拟结果相结合,验证了仿真模型的正确性,进一步分析了滑动速度及电流载荷的变化对接触表面温度场的影响.本文对大载流高速滑动电接触表面温度场的研究结果,为如何降低接触表面温度、选择合适接触材料以及减小损耗等提供了技术依据.

The transient temperature of electrical contact surface during high-speed sliding can result in the ablation of the contact surface and the aggravation of its friction and wear through changing the contact surface＇s environment. Based on correlation measurement and the academic analysis of the transient temperature field of high-speed sliding electrical contact surface under high current, a model for the calculation of transient temperature field is established, by the thermal analysis of transient temperature field of contact surface with the heat transfer and finite element analysis software ANSYS as theoretical foundation. The influence on the transient temperature field of contact surface under different heat sources is studied. The experimental data on the transient temperature of high speed sliding electrical contact surface under high current were obtained with non-contact radiation temperature measurement. The transient temperature field distributing state was simulated by the finite element methods software ANSYS, comparisons between experimental data and simulation results were made to verify correctness of the simulation model of transient temperature field. The further analysis of simulation results shows that the speed and the changes of electric current have impact on the transient temperature field of the contact surface.In this paper, the study on the transient temperature of high speed sliding electrical contact surface under high current is expected to provide the theoretical and technique foundation for reducing the temperature of contact surface, and selecting the appropriate material as contact surface to decrease the material wear and tear.