大通牦牛肺气-血屏障超微结构的发育学研究

Study on auxological study of the ultrastructure of lung air-blood barrier of Datong yak

为了阐明大通牦牛肺气-血屏障超微结构的发育学特点,研究其是否存在高原低氧环境适应的独特性,试验选取1日龄、30日龄、180日龄及成年大通牦牛作为研究对象,并以平原黄牛作为对照,利用透射电镜方法观察肺气-血屏障的组织学特点,并测量肺气-血屏障的算术平均厚度,并进行量分析。结果表明:大通牦牛肺气-血屏障的算术平均厚度在出生时最厚,随着年龄的增长不断变薄,到成年时又略有增厚。而同年龄段大通牦牛和平原黄牛相比,则表现为出生时大通牦牛肺气-血屏障的算术平均厚度大于平原黄牛肺气-血屏障的算术平均厚度,且差异显著(P<0.05);从30日龄到成年,大通牦牛肺气-血屏障的算术平均厚度均比平原黄牛肺气-血屏障的算术平均厚度薄,且差异显著(P<0.05)。说明大通牦牛肺气-血屏障的这种特点是其对高原低氧环境适应的一种组织学特点。

To clarify the auxological characteristic of the ultrastructure of lung air - blood barrier of Datong yak and study whether there existed specificity in adaptation to high -altitude hypoxia environment, one -day old, 30 -day old, 180 -day old and adult yaks were selected as research objects while taking yellow cattle from plain area as control. The histological features of the lung air - blood barrier of Datong yak were observed using transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and the arithmetic mean thickness of the barrier was calculated and quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the arithmetic mean thickness of Datong yak was thickest at birth, and was continuously thinning with the in- crease of age, and thickened slightly when grew up. The arithmetic mean thickness of the blood - air barrier of Datong yak at birth was thicker than that of the yellow cattle with a significant difference （ P 〈 0.05 ） compared with the yellow cattle of the same age. The arithmetic mean thickness of the barrier of Datong yak ranging from 30 days of age to adult was significantly thinner than that of Shandang yellow cattle with a significant difference （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The results indicate that the characteristic of the lung air - blood barrier of Datong yak is a kind of histological features for its adaption to high - altitude hypoxia environment.