翻译过程中的3种编码模式:基于翻译学习者的研究

Three Encoding Models in Translation:With Reference to Student Translators

翻译认知研究渐成趋势,如何解释译者的主体认知过程是研究的焦点。本文借鉴生成语言学的生物认知观,基于对课堂教学的观察,提出翻译过程中译文生成的3种编码模式——以记忆系统为主的编码模式、以概念一意旨系统为主的编码模式和以语言运算机制为主的编码模式,分析了翻译学习者对3种模式的运用与切换,并借此从认知视角将直译、意译重新解读为学生翻译认知过程的实际呈现,而非他们自主选择的结果。文章最后为翻译教学提供了3点建议。

Cognitive studies on translation have been well accepted both at home and abroad,and the focus of studies lies in the explanation of translators＇ cognitive translation process.Based on Chomsky＇ s Generative Linguistics and observations of class teaching,his paper suggests there are three encoding models in translation,namely,memory based encoding model,onceptional-intentional system based encoding model and language faculty based encoding model,and tentatively explains the application and switchover between these models by student translators.With this newly defined cognitive process in mind,the authors regard literal translation and liberal translation as different cognitive presentations in translation,but not the result of subjective selection by translators.At the end of this paper,suggestions are provided for translation teaching.