重大地震灾害救援要素系统及其救援功能

Rescue element system and function of significant disastrous earthquakes

救援要素系统是重大地震灾害救援活动实证研究的一项重要成果,由救援组织系统、人力资源系统、物力资源系统和救援对象系统组成。系统中必须具备能够创造基本生活条件、医疗条件和防灾条件的各个基本要素。各子系统都有各自的救援功能,共同构建综合救援强势。4个子系统之间有紧密的关联性。救援工作在各级救援组织的领导、指挥下进行。救援资源的种类、数量、救援的地域、程度与时限应与救援对象的需求相吻合,且呈现供需平衡状态。救灾资源应满足需求性,输送的方向性与定位性,种类、数量的适宜性等。救援对象系统是救援要素系统的核心,其他3个子系统服务于救援对象系统。

Rescue elements system is an important achievement of substantive study on major earthquake disaster rescue activities. It is composed of rescue organization system, human resources system, material resources system and rescue object system. There must have each basic factor to create the quality of life, medical condition and dis- aster prevention condition in the system. Every subsystem has its own rescue function to build a composite rescue force together. These four subsystems have a particularly close correlation. Rescue operation is working under the command of leaders. The kind and quantity of resources, the quantity, the territory, the degree and the time limit of rescue should be inosculated with the requirement of rescue object, and keeping the balance between supply and demand. Disaster relief resources should have ability of meeting the demands, conveying directivity and location, the proper kind and quantity. Rescue object system is the core of rescue elements system; the other three subsys- tems serve the rescue object system.