火龙果与大豆间作的效应分析

Effects Analysis of Pitaya and Soybean Intercropping System

为给火龙果园合理间作提供科学依据,以红皮红肉型火龙果间种大豆‘毛豆5号’和‘华夏3号’,研究果豆间作模式对主要生态因子和经济效益的影响。结果表明：果豆间作可明显改善土壤的物理性状,土壤容重比对照处理降低了5.07%~7.97%,总孔隙度提高了5.51%~8.66%,土壤含水量增加了56.40%~59.66%;果豆间作可提高土壤有机质36.61%~42.62%、全氮75.67%~77.03%、碱解氮48.57%~61.92%、速效钾81.64%~103.12%,有效磷含量降低了31.89%~35.99%;果豆间作有效改善了果园微生态环境,气温和地表温度分别降低2℃和3℃左右,相对湿度提高4%~6%;果豆间作栽培模式总体表现出一定程度的间作优势,明显提高火龙果园的经济效益,纯收入增加17.86%~24.93%。

To provide a theoretical basis for pitaya ecological cultivation, the effects of pitaya and soybeanintercropping pattern on the ecological factors and economic benefit were evaluated by red skin red meat Hylocereus undatus intercropping with‘edamame No.5＇or‘Huaxia No.3＇. Results indicated that pitaya andsoybean intercropping pattern could improve the soil physical characteristics, the soil volume weight reducedby 5.07%- 7.97%, total porosity and moisture content increased by 5.51%- 8.66% and 56.40%- 59.66%,respectively. Also the soil organic matter, total N, available nitrogen and rapidly available potassiumrespectively increased by 36.61%-42.62%, 75.67%-77.03%, 48.57%-61.92%, and 81.64%-103.12%, butthe available phosphorus decreased by 31.89%-35.99%. The intercropping pattern also improved the micro-ecological environment in pitaya orchard, the air temperature and soil temperature reduced by 2℃ and 3℃,respectively, and the relative humidity increased by 4%-6%. The pitaya and soybean intercropping pattern hascertain advantages and could significantly improve the economic benefit of pitaya orchard with a benefit raiseof 17.86%-24.93%.