辽宁阜新蒙古族自治县雷暴气候统计特征分析

Analysis of Statistical Characteristics of Thunderstorm in Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County of Liaoning

为了给防雷减灾工作提供科学的理论依据,利用阜新蒙古族自治县（以下简称：阜蒙县）1963—2012年的雷暴资料,以其所处的地理环境和气候特点为背景,采用数理统计、气候倾向率、线性拟合和小波分析方法分析阜蒙县雷暴气候特征。结果表明：近50年来阜蒙县年平均雷暴日为29.04天,属于中雷区;雷暴日数的年际变化幅度大,雷暴日出现最多的年份在1991年和2005年（43天）,最少的年份在2010年（18天）,前者是后者的2倍多;50年来雷暴的发生有逐渐减少的趋势,并以0.852 d/10 a的气候倾向率递减;阜蒙县雷暴集中出现在5—9月,共出现1337天,占全年雷暴日数的92.08%;有明显的季节变化,夏季最多,冬季最少;小波分析显示,阜蒙县年雷暴活动具有较强的17年和2~6年周期振动。

The paper aims to provide scientific theoretical basis for lightning protection and disaster reduction.Using the thunderstorm data from 1963 to 2012 in Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County, with its geographicalenvironment and climate characteristics as the background, the climatic characteristics of thunderstorms wereanalyzed with methods such as mathematical statistics, linear fitting, climate trend rate and Morlet waveletanalysis. The results showed that： annual average days of thunderstorm were 29.04 days in the recent 50 years,which was in the moderate thunderstorm range. The inter-annual variability of thunderstorm day was large, theyears that had the most thunderstorm days were 1991 and 2005, while the year that had the least thunderstormdays was 2010, the former was more than twice the latter. The number of thunderstorm in 50 years had agradually decreasing trend, with the climate tendency decreasing rate of 0.852 d/10 a. The thunderstorm dayswere mostly concentrated in May to September, which had a number of 1337 thunderstorm days in the recent50 years, accounting for 92.08% of the thunderstorm days all the year round. There was an obvious seasonalvariation in thunderstorm occurrence, with the most in summer and the least in winter. Using wavelet analysismethod, it showed that the thunderstorm activities had strong vibration cycle of 17 years and 2 to 6 years in thestudied area.