小行星浅表探测雷达技术

Asteroid Subsurface Detection Radar Technology

在小行星探测中,浅表探测雷达是一种探测小行星次表层地质结构的微波遥感载荷,它可以穿透到小行星地表以下几百米到几千米的地表深层,揭示小行星次表层结构特征。文中综述了小行星浅表探测雷达的发展现状,介绍了浅表探测雷达的系统组成和工作原理,研究了浅表探测雷达系统设计中存在的关键技术,针对小行星表面强杂波对微弱的次表面回波的干扰,提出采用相参积累的方法来印制表面非天底点回波从而识别次表面回波,并以数值模拟的方式对该方法的正确性和可行性进行了仿真验证。

Asteroid subsurface detection radar is a microwave remote sensing payload for investigation of the asteroid subsurface structure in asteroid exploration. It can penetrate deep into the asteroid subsurface layer at a distance of several kilometers. The development status, framework and function of asteroid subsurface detection radar are presented in detail. The key techniques of subsurface detection radar design are discussed. The weak subsurface echoes can be easily disturbed by the strong off-nadir surface clutter, so an effective approach for subsurface echo extraction is developed. Subsurface echo can be identified by stacking and averaging nadir echoes and subsurface off-nadir clutter, and the feasibility of this approach is verified numerically.