六安市卫生监督和疾病预防控制机构饮用水监督检测能力现状分析

Analysis on the status of drinking water supervision and inspection capacity of health supervision institutions and centers for disease control and prevention in Lu'an

目的 了解六安市各级卫生监督机构及疾病预防控制机构生活饮用水监督检测能力现状,为水质监督检测能力建设提供参考。方法 根据原省卫生厅统一制定的调查表,从人力资源状况、水质指标检测能力等方面,对六安市各级卫生监督机构和疾病预防控制机构的水质监督检测能力进行调查分析。结果 六安市各级卫生监督机构从事饮用水卫生监督人员3~4人,平均开展4类水质快速检测项目;市级疾控机构检测人员10人,县（区）级平均4人。市、县级监督和疾控机构监督及检验人员均以初中级职称为主,占全部人员一半以上,高级职称全市仅4人;市级机构以本科为主、县级以中专和大专为主。市级疾控机构水质指标检测率和认证指标通过率分别为83.02%和41.51%,县级分别为28.30%和23.96%,差异均有统计学意义（χ2检测=125.039,P〈0.015,χ2认证=13.830,P〈0.01）。结论 六安市饮用水监督检测能力不高,不能满足《生活饮用水标准》要求,急需提高卫生监督及水质检测能力。

Objective To understand the current status of water quality monitoring capabilities of all levels of health supervision institutions and centers for disease control and prevention in Lu＇an city, so as to provide the reference for the capacity building of water quality monitoring. Methods Questionnaires uniformly formulated by the Health Department of Anhui province were applied to investigate and analyze the water quality monitoring abilities of all levels of health supervision institutions and centers for disease control and prevention in Lu＇an city. Results Average number of drinking water hygiene supervisors of health supervision institutions at prefecture level and county level in Lu＇an city was 3 - 4 persons. 4 kinds of rapid tests of water quality on average could be conducted. Inspectors of CDC at prefecture level numbered 10. The average number for county or district level was 4. In regard to their professional title, educational degree and age distribution, for both municipal and county levels, the majority of the supervisors in health supervision institutions and the inspectors in disease control and prevention had either primary or intermediate professional title. Only 4 of them had achieved senior professional title, which made up a tiny proportion. Most supervisors and inspectors at prefecture level had undergraduate education. For county level, most had secondary vocational school or junior college education. Besides, supervisors and inspectors in prefecture institutions were mainly in the 25 to 34 age group, which was at a much lower level than those in the county institutions who were concentrated in the 45 to 54 age group. CDC at prefecture level could conduct 83.02% of required detection items. Of them, 41.51% items had been certificated and accredited. CDC at county level could conduct 28.30% of require detection items. Of them, 23.96% had been certificated and accredited. Conclusion The water monitoring capability of Lu＇an city could not reach the standards for drinking water quality （ GB 5749 - 2006 ） requirements and remained to be improved.