两种扁颅蝠回声定位叫声的比较

Comparison of the Echolocation Signals in Two Species of Flat-headed Bats at Flying

对扁颅蝠 (Tylonycterispachypusa)和褐扁颅蝠 (T robustula)在飞行状态下的回声定位叫声进行了比较研究。结果表明 ,2种扁颅蝠的回声定位叫声的声谱图均呈调频 (FM)型 ,且波形相似 ;但叫声的最低频率、最高频率和主频率差异极显著 (P <0 0 1)。扁颅蝠的频率范围较高 ,为 6 2 4～ 91 6kHz ,主频率为 (76 5± 2 1)kHz ;褐扁颅蝠的频率范围较低 ,为 4 2 7～ 72 4kHz ,主频率为 (49 2± 1 8)kHz ;而 2种蝙蝠的声脉冲时程、声脉冲间隔和声脉冲重复率差异不显著 (P >0 0 5 )。回声定位叫声差异与其体型。

We studied the echolocation of Thylonycteris pachypus and T robustula in southern Guangxi,China,which were often found roosting within internodes of the bamboo( Bambusa spp ).The echolocation signals of the T pachypus and T robustula were compared when the bats were flying in the laboratory.The result revealed that the echolocation calls of both T pachypus and T robustula were FM signals.The frequency range of T pachypus was higher (62 4-91 6?kHz) than T robustula (42 7-72 4?kHz),the dominant frequency of T pachypus was also higher [(76 5±2 1)?kHz] than T robustula [(49 2±1 8)?kHz].But the pulse duration is not significant difference, nor do interpulse interval,repetition rate and duty cycle between the two kinds of bats.The characteristics of the echolocation calls of the two bats perhaps made them adapt to their body size and micro habitat.