秦岭太白山北坡蝗虫的群落结构

Grasshopper Community Structure on the Northern Slope of Taibai Mountain of Qinling

在秦岭太白山北坡 2 3个样地内采集到蝗虫 2总科 7科 2 5属 34种。应用数量分类、多样性指数及相似性分析方法对太白山北坡蝗虫群落垂直分布样方资料进行了分析。应用数量分类法可将蝗虫群落按植被类型分为 8种 ,即农耕带、栓皮栎林带、锐齿栎林带、辽东栎林带、桦木林带、冷杉林带、落叶松林带、高山草甸带。太白山蝗虫群落垂直分布规律明显。其中高海拔 (如高山草甸带 )的蝗虫种类数和多样性明显低于中低海拔 ,中低海拔 (锐齿栎林带 )蝗虫种类和多样性指数最大。但低海拔的农耕带人为干扰大 ,植被较单一 ,蝗虫优势种的优势度大 ,蝗虫密度大 ,而种类数较少。

There were 34 species of grasshoppers that were collected from 23 samples on the northern slope of Taibai Mountain of Qinling,they belonged to 2 superfamilies,7 families,25 genuses. The grasshopper communities were analysed using quantity classification,diversity indexes and similarity coefficients methods. Using quantity classification method,the grasshopper communities can be divided into 8 types:farmland, Quercus variabilies forest, Q aliena var acuteserrata forest, Liaotungensis forest, Betula forest, Abies forest, Larix forest,and alpine meadow.The changing law of grasshopper distribution was obvious.The species and diversity indexes of grasshopper communities in high elevation mountain belt (alpine meadow) were lower than those in middle low elevation mountain belt.The species and diversity indexes of grasshopper communities in middle low elevation mountain belt ( Q aliena var acuteserrata forest belt) were highest.But in farmland of low elevation mountain,for simple vegetation and human disturbance,the density and dominant indexes of grasshopper communities were higher than those in middle low elevation mountain belt,and the species of grasshoppers were less.