基于SIMP拓扑优化的驾驶舱轻量化设计

Cockpit light-weight design based on SIMP topological optimization method

为解决驾驶舱设计过于保守、质量太大的问题,提出一种变密度拓扑优化方法以减轻舱体的质量。基于ANSYS软件建立驾驶舱有限元模型,应用APDL(ANSYS parametric design language)编制拓扑优化程序,以舱体质量最小作为优化目标,在弯曲和扭转两种工况下,分别对驾驶舱顶盖、侧围和底板部分进行拓扑优化,对优化前、后驾驶舱的刚度及质量进行对比与分析。经过多种方案设计与比较,得到最优的舱骨架结构空间布局,在保证驾驶舱弯曲刚度和扭转刚度的前提下,使舱体质量最轻。最终优化结果表明,该设计方法能够提高产品的刚度质量比,用于工程实际可为驾驶舱的设计提供指导。

To solve the problem that cockpit design is too conservative and weighs too much, a variable density topological optimization method to reduce the quality of the cockpit was developed. Based on the ANSYS software, the finite element model of the cockpit was established, ANSYS parametric design language was used to program topology optimization. Topological optimi- zation was implemented on the roof, side and bottom plate respectively on bending and torsional working conditions to minimize the quality of the cockpit. After optimization, the stiffness of the cockpit was analyzed and compared with the original one. Through several design schemes and comparison, the best cockpit skeleton structure space layout was obtained, reducing the quality of the cockpit to the lightest on the premise of ensuring bending stiffness and torsional stiffness. The results show that this method can be used to increase the stiffness and mass ratio of the product in engineering practice to provide guidance for the design of the cockpit.